00 — Sounds

Ithkuil has 30 consonants bcčçdḑfghjklļmnňprřsštţvwxyzžẓ, 9 vowels aäeëiöoüu, and the glottal stop .

Ithkuil vowels can be stressed. To mark a vowel as stressed, change aeiou to áéíóú and äëöü to âêôû.

Ithkuil also has 10 diphthongs: ai au ei eu ëi ou oi iu ui ëu. These should be pronounced as a smooth flow from the first vowel to the second, not as two separate vowels. To stress a diphthong, stress the first letter, as in ái êi ói.

An Ithkuil syllable contains one vowel or diphthong.

There are four types of stress in Ithkuil:

NameExamplesIndicated by…
monosyllabica, lai, falhaving exactly one syllable
ultimatearralá, maţřëulláitstress on the last vowel or diphthong
penultimatearrala, maţřëullaitunmarked stress
antepenultimateárrala, máţřëullaitstress on the 3rd-to-last vowel or diphthong

We’ll learn about how stress affects words later.

By the way...
Pronunciation isn’t super important for now, since we’re only writing Ithkuil, but you can learn it at the expanded version of this article.
Ithkuil pronunciation can be a little tricky for English speakers. But it isn’t impossible!

Here’s how Ithkuil’s consonants are pronounced:

LetterIPARoughlyEnglish Examples
bbbbard, broke
ctstspits, blitz
čt∫chtouch, choose
ççhy<no english equivalent, see below>
ddddog, done, hound
ðthvoiced th in the, then (not with)
ffffather
ggggroup and log
hhhhate, have, heal
jjjump, dodge
kkkkind, tack, color
llllump, lake, doll
ļȴhl<no english equivalent, see below>
mmmmound, many
nnnnot, nope
ňŋngrunning, jumping, cooking
ppppale, deep
rɾ<no english equivalent, see below>
řʁ<no english equivalent, see below>
sssspade, hiss
šshshut, sheath
ttttake, bait
ţθthunvoiced th in with, sheath (not then)
vvvvowel, voice
wwwwait, where
xx(not present in most english dialects) chanukkah, loch
yjyyet, yoke
zzzzany, zip
žʒzhmeasure, azure
dzdzads
ʔa short pause of breath, as in uh-oh
Incomplete note:
Vowels are a bit more complicated than consonants in Ithkuil, so I’ve only included a very rough IPA chart. See Yuorb if you don’t know IPA, or if you want to learn about how vowel pronunciations changes in different contexts.
LetterIPA
aa
äæ
ee
ëʌ~ə
ii
öœ~ø
oo
üʉ~y
uu